Large castings refer to large metal components formed through casting processes. The core of these castings lies in addressing shrinkage defects, which requires achieving equilibrium during the solidification process through thermal balance control. The main methods include using chill irons to accelerate solidification in thick sections, employing high heat storage materials such as chromite sand, setting multiple ingates to distribute heat, and optimizing shrinkage compensation by tilting the casting mold. Gray cast iron HT200-HT300 is a commonly used material, and a 3.2×16 meter planer is used during processing to ensure overall dimensional accuracy.